Robert Frost’s Fire and Ice Essay -- Fire and Ice Robert Frost Poems E

Robert Frost’s Fire and Ice Fire and Ice is a popular poem written in 1923 by Robert Frost. It is a very well known poem and is used in many high schools and colleges today. Many students along with various critics read this poem as Frost’s idea as to how the world is going to end. People also take this in a Biblical sense, because the passage that God states the next time he destroys the world, it will be in fire. He blatantly states in the first lines, â€Å"Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice†, which leads many critics to believe the simplicity of this poem was to be taken as simple and to the point. However, the poem was written in the roaring twenties, which is why I believe Frost had a deeper meaning attached than how the world was going to end. Opposing most critics with their view of this idea, I believe Robert Frost’s â€Å"Fire and Ice† is about love. Fire being the love itself along with passion, ice is the lack of love, rather than a view on the end of the world. Katherine Kearns states that although you have to make a decision between the language, it still seems as if Frost is trying to allude to the end of the world (Cambridge University). Frost often writes in a very simply form, which is why critics are constantly led to believe Frost had no double meaning out of the poem. The form of ‘Fire and Ice’ is again, simple in the writing, leaving it easy to see the surface meaning and not look any deeper. The form and simple rhyme scheme do not give readers the idea that the meaning would be so philosophical. Through a deeper reading of the poem, I think Frost is trying to discover the distinction between love and hate through symbolism. Fire is love or burning desire. The ice symb... ...rost was talking about love. In some sense, everyone has felt the effects of a burning love or lack of love, taken over by the feeling of coldness. Digging for a deeper meaning of the poem, it is evident Frost was not only talking about the end of the world, but also the end of a person. The effects of love and hate are enough to put an end to a person, as are the effects of fire and ice to put an end to the world. Works Cited Kearns, Katherine, â€Å"Fire and Ice†. On Fire and Ice. 1994. 17 September 2005. http://www.english.uiuc.edu/ Pobojewski, Sally. â€Å"This Is the Way the World Ends.† LSAmagazine 23.1 (Fall 1999): 28-29. Sangiorgio, Yvette. â€Å"Fire and Ice† Fire and Ice- Robert Frost. 12 May 2001. 17 September 2005. http://www.cs.rice.edu/ Serio, John N. â€Å"Fire and Ice†. On Fire and Ice. 1994. 17 September 2005. http://www.english.uiuc.edu/

Fort Sumter

Fort Sumter was a turning point in determining the outcome of the Civil War. Fort Sumter was built on a man-made island of seashells and granite. It was a pentagon shape that was fifty feet high and the walls were eight to twelve feet thick. Fort Sumter is located in South Carolina. It was a defense system for Charleston Harbor. It was named after a Revolutionary War hero from South Carolina. For one of the causes of the Civil War was that the South demanded that fort Sumter be turned over to its new government.United States troops were to leave the fort. President Abraham Lincoln refused to let them. Lincoln said that Fort Sumter belonged to all of the people of the United States, not just to South Carolina. The people of South Carolina were determined to have the fort. They threatened to starve the men stationed there. Lincoln sent food and supplies to the men stationed there. The Carolinians fired on the ship and, then they fired on the fort and destroyed it. That was how the war began (Hakim 61).On April 13, 1861, Fort Sumter surrendered after heavy bombardment to Confederate forces. Accounts of this victory created wild excitement in North Carolina. The Union was deeply saddened that war had started. On the other hand, the South was ecstatic (Hakim 62). President Lincoln had a major role in the Civil War. Lincoln refused to withdraw soldiers from Fort Sumter. He sent a supply ship after the South threatened to stop supplying them. He differed with other northern leaders by that the other leaders told him to back out and Lincoln did not listen to them.He refused to let the South leave the United States. Lincoln proclaimed a blockade on April 16, 1861. The blockade extended from Virginia to Texas. At the time, it was impossible for the federal government to enforce a blockade of the coastline measuring almost four thousand miles and containing one hundred and eighty-nine harbors. In conclusion, many important battles such as Gettysburg and Antietam took plac e after. The Civil War lasted for four years. Today, Fort Sumter is a tourist attraction and it attracts many visitors.

Group Dynamics And Groupthink In A Management Environment

Groupthink is a prevalent process in many organizations and businesses. This paper will examine the definition of groupthink as it relates to management decisions compared with similar group performance factors and situations leading to the thoughts and processes of business decision making, group dynamics and interpersonal operations within the group from both a business standpoint and a psychological standpoint. These standpoints will evaluate the effects of dominance, cohesion, anxiety and group norms leading to either effective or defective group process and group decision making. As with all group dynamics there are many factors involved such as race, gender, religion, political and cultural views. The paper will examine the interactions involved within a group and examine how groupthink is often allowed to be the overall choice made by the group. The author will also examine the difference in definitions form the Janis (I. L. Janis, 1982) model and the Management text book definition (Bateman, Snell, 2011) to gather a sound definition for business purposes. GROUPTHINK IN ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT Organizations and managers must make critical decisions on a daily basis. As business is such a highly complex environment spanning both national and global markets decision making must be thought of in a larger field of view taking into account many factors such as bias, culture and customer attitude to name a few. No one person generally has all the knowledge or experience to tackle every conceivable issue that may arise or need to be considered. A good manager or leader knows that they alone are not the only one to solve the problem and thus look to others to help with the puzzle needing to be solved. There is a substantial need to gain broad spectrum opinion and ideas in business today which leads effective managers to seek and develop effective groups to provide that broad spectrum and increase idea flow from different perspectives. The â€Å"Brain-Storming† in business today is much more complicated and involves large numbers of variable factors that can best be resolved by the group process allowing for varied input and expertise information to be injected into the final decision making process. This does not always define an effective group or process as we will see throughout this paper. Decision Making Management must make decisions in different ways to handle different problems on a daily basis. Many of these decisions are programmed decisions based on past experience and working knowledge based on procedures already in place. These programmed decisions are normally simple in nature and are more of an automatic response versus having to think of or develop a new solution. As we know, things are not always as easy as we may wish and in business, with its ever changing nature, problems and issues arise that require the manager to be creative and adapt new thinking and new solutions to properly make an effective decision. This nonprogrammed decision making process involves the manager weighing the good with the bad and attempting to identify all the unknown variables. It is at this stage that an effective manager or leader knows to review his limitations and seek guidance from others with the knowledge to provide information needed to develop and informed and effective decision. The adage â€Å"knowledge is power† comes to mind and the manager, leader seeks out those who can assist in providing that knowledge to lower risks and gain a better reward. The effective manager, leader will practice stages of the decision making process, as they normally might, in identifying the problem and generating alternative solutions. In the process of attempting to generate solutions the manager would best be served by obtaining that knowledge of others to compensate their own. This is where they may decide to form a group and begin the group process to ultimately solve the problem and make the best decision possible. Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing In the decision to form a group to aid in difficult decision making there are several key items management must consider in selecting members of the group and being aware of possible negative effects of the group members involved. One of the first items to be considered is the size of the group needed and what skills or knowledge is required and what skills or knowledge each member may provide. The smaller group may require less group maintenance but provide less needed input. A larger group may provide more information but require a higher degree of group maintenance thus rendering them less effective. Management may choose to seek well known members or possibly new members. Newer members may provide new ideas and concepts while more well-known members could tend to adhere to the current policy and procedures and not be as creative and more satisficing. Group make-up must also avoid dominance type personalities to allow for a more free flow of ideas and creativity thus reducing group anxiety. Group management must be foremost in the mind of the manager to best achieve the goals and allowing for the best decision to be made. Knowing each person in the group individuals personality can be critical to proper selection but as with all people each are different and demonstrate different personalities in different situations. Group management must be maintained and observed to avoid conflicts based on personality and not creativity. Short of management being trained in psychology a group of members is selected based on management’s best knowledge and understanding of each individual member. Forming is the stage of group dynamics where the members first come together and normally demonstrate polite and positive attitudes to one another, as in any greeting situation, and is usually short in time. The next stage of development in the group is often difficult and delicate as members try to determine their role and place within the group. Storming identifies this stage by the way in which the members may question the validity or purpose of the group, including those within, and challenge or attempt to assert authority within the group. They may also feel overwhelmed by the task at hand and not yet understand their purpose of being there. It is not uncommon for groups at this stage to fail or cause some members to feel undervalued. When all, or most, of the difficulties are settled to member’s satisfaction the group moves forward with an understanding of their place within the group. Norming is the stage where the group comes together to identify the common goal and progress with the understanding and social acceptance of the group members as a whole. Forward progress and the ability to share in the group vision or goal being established, next stage, performing, is achieved. The group now functions well together and their work begins to bare the fruit of their labor. Process and structure have been established and work continues to achieve the main objective as group members satisfaction has increased. Managing Group Dynamics in Decision Making As we now have a better understanding of group dynamics in their basic form we realize that management must remain vigilant in all of the stages but certainly the performing stage the most. It is at the performing stage where most can go wrong and where complacency is most likely to occur. Group members are now comfortable in their role, leaders in the group have been well established and the work of the group may continue as if on autopilot. This may lead the group to fall into the trap of familiarity and allow the status-quo. Other factors may emerge from leaders or members within the group such as dominance and familiar cohesion where members chose to avoid disagreement and merely agree to consensus. Groupthink Phenomenon Should the group be allowed to fall into this trap it would be clear that management has failed to recognize the problem thereby allowing the creativity and effectiveness of the group to become ineffective. This phenomenon was described by Irving Janis (1972, 1982) as faulty decision making in a group when members do not consider all alternatives and desire unanimity at the expense of quality. There are several variations to the groupthink model such as â€Å"The term groupthink is appropriate only when the concurrence seeking emerges prematurely, thus curtailing thinking and discussion, and increasing the likelihood of poor decision outcomes (Longley and Pruitt, 1980). This variation does not always hold true in all cases. Based on groupthink in juries it is also evident that the information has been discussed and thought of critically but the jury member (group member) gave in more to peer (group) pressure from either the authoritative jury foreman, jury members or merely the desire to agree for their own personal benefit, such as the desire to end their sequestration if involved in a lengthy case. Groupthink Variations Janis (1972, 1982, 1989) defined groupthink as the extreme concu rrence sought by decision-making groups. Groupthink is most likely to occur when a group experiences antecedent conditions such as high cohesion, insulation from experts, limited methodological search and appraisal procedures, directive leadership, and high stress combined with low self-esteem and little hope of finding a better solution than that favored by the leader or influential group members. Such conditions lead to symptoms of groupthink such as illusions of invulnerability, collective rationalization, belief in the inherent morality of the group, stereotypes of outgroups, pressure on dissenters, self-censor-ship, illusions of unanimity, and self-appointed mindguards† (Turner, Pratkanis, Probasco, Leve,1992). Causal factors in groupthink seem to not fit only one model such as Janis describe. There are varied reasons group members seek concurrence unanimity in decision making, emotion, anxiety and coercion are some of only many reminding us that in managerial decisions we must remain mindful of the group members involved and maintain an active role in managing both the group and the decisions that come from within the group. If a manager is effective at management they will be better able to recognize the possible factors within the group before a faulty or ineffective decision can be made. Conclusion In examination of the decision making method we can see that there is a much larger degree to utilizing the group method requiring the manager to not only manage the personnel but also manage the group. A thorough knowledge of group dynamics is most important when selecting group members which can be difficult at times when expecting group performance based solely on an individual’s subject knowledge with little to no understanding of their interpersonal skills. The manager must be willing to accept risks certainly, if they expect to gain the best possible solution with the most creativity available. But the effective manager must also invest time and observe the group at different stages and evaluate member selection within each stage to ensure the proper choice made is still the best fit. The effective manager must be alert for telltale signs of conflict within the group and be prepared at all stages to make replacements available to include the group leader or dominant members within the group. Managing personnel on a factory floor and managing decision making groups are two very different levels which require a far greater knowledge and understanding on the manager’s part. If a manager is not able to recognize interpersonal skills and weaknesses then there is little chance they can effectively manage a group and expect positive results from that group nor would they recognize the proper decision to be valid or invalid. In the business world of today that could make the difference between being successful or going out of business. As was stated early on, managers are not expected to be psychologists but a truly effective manager will have and know the basics to understanding human behavior to remain an effective manager.

Introduction to Forensic Pathology

FORENSIC PATHOLOGY OFFICER TRAINING COURSE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH – SOUTHERN DISTRICT Introduction The purpose of the course is to teach the basics of forensic medicine to mortuary technicians with no previous knowledge of the subject. The main emphasis will be on mortuary technique, but related aspects of forensic science will be taught.The course addresses the aspects of forensic medicine that are most frequently encountered in practice, including those that may become the subject of testimony in court. THE AUTOPSY The word autopsy means, â€Å"to look at oneself†. Many other terms are used such as necropsy (to look at the dead) and postmortem (after-death). They all mean the same thing. Autopsies have been performed for a long time, and over the years the value of the autopsy has been proven.It is of use in: Assistance to family – inherited diseases, understanding the death of a loved one, peace of mind Medical Staff – hospitals and doctors can learn abou t diseases, diagnosis and also treatment Justice and Safety and Security – important information for prosecution of cases Social – insurance claims, paternity, maternity, compensation Public Health – infections such as meningitis, tuberculosis Notes: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acts Regulating the Performance of Post-Mortem Examinations ACT | AIMS OF ACT | |Health Act 63 of 1977 |Postmortem in cases of contagious and infectious diseases | | |Consent of family not needed | | |Body must be exhumed if buried | | |Deals with transplantation of organs | | |Deals with removal of tissue from deceased | |Inquest Act 58 of 1959 |Procedures to be followed in unnatural deaths | | |Consent of family not needed | | |Report for inquest or criminal case | | |Removal of tissue allowed for investigation purposes | |Births and Deaths Registration Act 51 0f 1992 |Defines births and stillbirths and procedures to be followed | | |Defines conditions where a death certificate may not be issued | |Correctional Services Act 111 of 1998 |Provides for the reporting of prisoners dying of unnatural | | |causes | |Health Professions Act 56 of 1974 |Defines anaesthetic deaths | |Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works Act 78 of 1973 |Provides for patients who worked in mines – heart and lungs to | | |be sent for further testing | | |Permission from family is needed in natural deaths | | |If postmortem being done under another Act (e. g. Inquest Act), | | |then organs may be removed and sent away without consent | Notes: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Types of Autopsies The above Acts of law dictate which type of postmortem should be performed. A. The Clinical or Academic autopsy. Performed in terms of the Health Act. Usually performed by histopathologists attached to hospitals. The main indications are: a.Determining cause of death b. Providing correl ation between medical management and symptoms c. Determining the effectiveness of therapy d. Educating students and other health care workers e. Studying disease processes B. The Forensic Autopsy. Performed in terms of the Inquests Act. The objective is to apply medical knowledge to legal questions in the pursuit of justice. Usually performed by forensic pathologists or trained medical officers. a. Determination of cause of death b. Determining the time of death c. Recovering and identifying evidence d. Providing interpretation of findings e. Providing reports for law enforcement and justice Notes: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is Pathology? Just as there are different types of autopsies, there are different types of pathologists. Pathology means the study of disease. Disease is defined as abnormalities in the functioning and structure of the parts of the body.Pathology can also mean the scientific study of the causes and effects of disease. Pathology may be divided into: Histopathology or Anatomical Pathology – this branch of pathology deals with autopsies and examination of changes in tissues using a microscope and other techniques. E. g. If you have a lump under your skin, the doctor can take a small piece of tissue from the lump and send it to the histopathologist who will examine it under the microscope and make a diagnosis and recommend treatment. Chemical Pathology – diseases produce changes in the fluids of the body e. g urine, blood, spinal fluid. These body fluids can be exam ined and diagnoses of disease can be made from the results. E. g.When you are sent for a blood test, the chemistry of your blood is examined by a Chemical Pathologist who may then make a diagnosis. Microbiology – The study of how bacteria and viruses cause disease by examination of body tissues and fluids and isolation of organisms. E. g. pus swabs will be sent to a microbiologist to identify the bacteria causing the disease. The microbiologist will then recommend the appropriate treatment. Forensic pathology – Forensic pathology is a branch of histopathology where a trained pathologist will examine the body and it’s tissues and offer opinions on how trauma has caused disease or disturbance in the body. Forensic pathologists have knowledge of all branches of pathology as applied to death, dying and disease. Notes: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Health and Safety in the Mortuary The mortuary can be a dangerous place. Most dangerous in this environment is the individual who is ignorant of or who ignores the potential hazards at postmortem. Such people are a danger to themselves and others. A. Risks and Hazards a. Tuberculosis Caused by inhaling the agent through the air.It is rare to contract TB through the skin. With the current HIV epidemic, strains of the TB-bacterium that are very resistant to treatment are occurring. This makes contracting the disease a greater risk than before. It has been shown that corpses are more infectious than living patients. b. HIV Although there is fear of acquiring HIV through postmortems, the risk of getting HIV in this way is very low. There is currently only 1 recorded case of occupational-acquired HIV infection in a pathologist. The overall risk of getting HIV after accidental exposure by needlestick is only 0-0. 42%. Splashes of fluids into eyes/mouth carry an infection rate of 0. 04-0. 63%.Aerosol risk (breathing infected air) has not been reported. HIV can be isolated from the cranial bones, brain and spinal fluid up to 5 days after death. No HIV could be isolated from bone dust. HIV is weak once outside the body, and is easily inactivated by a solution of bleach (Jik/Domestos), formalin, alcohol, peroxide or phenol (Jeyes Fluid). c. Hepatitis B and C The way you can acquire Hepatitis B or C is similar to HIV, that is by risky sexual behaviour, intravenous drug use or through accidental occupational exposure. Hepatitis B is very infectious and staff who have not been vaccinated against Hepatitis B should not perform postmortems.Hepatitis C is less infectious, but there is no vaccination against it. The risk of transmission is 3-10%. d. Other diseases Certain viruses and bacteria can cause considerable discomfort for the autopsy technician, but are treatable. Postmortems on patients with haemorrhagic fevers are prohibited unless they are performed in specialised mortuaries. How do you reduce risk? A. Immunisation – all staff involved in autopsies or who come in contact with material from autopsies should be vaccinated against tetanus, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis and hepatitis B. B. Pre-autopsy testing – where there is reason to believe that a corpse is infected with a highly infectious organism, testing should be done before autopsy.HIV-testing in hospital autopsies is appropriate and consent is not needed. C. Clothing – the following should be worn at all times: cap, eye protection, face mask, surgical gowns and clothes, boots, apron and at least one pair of gloves. Wearing too many layers of clothes is dangerous because it makes the technician clumsy and uncomfortable. D. Reduce aerosol f ormation – care should be used when using power saws to open the skull. Intestines should only be opened under water. High pressure water hoses should not be used. Avoid splashing when handling organs. E. Equipment – equipment should be kept to a minimum and should be kept in clear view at all times. Scalpels

Exchange rate regime in Kazakhstan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Exchange rate regime in Kazakhstan - Essay Example Kazakhstan has achieved highest economic growth rate amongst its sister countries during 2001-2008.It reached annual GDP of as high as 9.8 percent in 2000 and over 8.5 percent in 2007.Primary resources of higher revenues include: natural gas, oil, zinc, and copper (USAID, 2008, p.3).This paper explores Kazakhstans exchange rate regime over a period of time. Pegging Tenge against US dollar, Kazakhstan opted for an unsanctioned policy of a â€Å"soft† fixed rate regime in 1993.Soft exchange rate regime as compared to stringent regime refer to a regime that repositions the value of its domestic currency more frequently. Tenge’s initial value was fixed at the rate of T5 for every US dollar. Par value indicates the rate on which the domestic government agrees to defend its own currency in order to keep the fixed ratio between domestic and foreign currency (Burke, 2009).According to Begg, Fischer, and Dornbusch, the commitment to fixed exchange rate may built private sector’s trust on government when it comes to creating inflation, as it only makes the country uncompetitive (2003, p.484). In fixed regime, the government agrees to maintain its domestic currency’s value at a fixed rate. The Tenge is convertible, Central Bank of Kazakhstan is able to sell and buy in order to maintain the exchange rate equilibrium (Burke, 2009).Burke (2009) further explains that the Tenge is overvalued as compared to the US dollar. Under fixed exchange rate regime, devaluation means decline in the nominal exchange rate between Tenge and US dollar. However, Blanchard (2006, pp.380-383) warns that devaluation of the nominal exchange rate directs to real depreciation. Instant impact of currency devaluation appears in declining real exchange rate and enhancing the country’s competitiveness. It allows reallocating the resources in order to support domestic industries

Queering a film (Hotel Transylvania 2012) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Queering a film (Hotel Transylvania 2012) - Essay Example Firstly and most obviously, Doty discusses the means by which the word â€Å"queer† is â€Å"used as an attempt to account for the existence and expression of a wide range of positions within the cutlrue that are ‘queer’ or non-anti, or contra-straight† (Doty 3). In this way, the reader rapidly understands that rather than merely promoting a certain point of view, the use and inclusion of such a phrase as an overarching world view denotes as much of what is not as what is. For this reason rather than merely denoting that the queer lifestyle exists and is an alternative to the pervasive expressions of straightness that exist, both societally and culturally, this specific use of the term helps to engage the viewer with an understand of what specifically queer is not and how it attempts to differentiate itself from the mainstream. As a function of accomplishing such an end there are multiple ways in which a filmmaker could seek to â€Å"queer† a movie. ... However, as Doty notes, a more equitable and fair representation of the queer world view and lifestyle goes beyond a simple representation of â€Å"homosexuality†. In this sense, the filmmaker is greeted with a difficult construct in which to work. On the one she may wish to incorporate these more nuanced interpretations of queerness; however, on the other hand, she may find herself somewhat stymied by that such nuanced representations of queerness would necessarily reduce to artistic expressions of highly sophisticated stereotypes. As a means to avoid such a simplistic approach, this author would recommend that rather than focussing on indvidiual aspects of â€Å"queerness† within the movie Hotel Transylvania, a clear contrast could be drawn between characters that represented both straight and queer worldviews/perspectives. Although imperfect, such a representation would be able to have a stronger effect than merely representing a gay couple or uniquely and perhaps ch eap representation of singluarly queer point of view on a given issue/topic. Moreover, as the word itself has developed a life of its own, Doty uses it in ways that are not traditionally associated with a homosexual lifestyle or worldview. As such, the therm has come to represent the many multifacted ways in which a rebellion against normality and standard definitions of the world exist. As the author states in the article, queerness was as much about a clear renunciation of societal mores/norms as it was about the ability to fall in love with and be romantically or sexually involved with a member of one’s own sex. In this way, one of the best ways to â€Å"queer† the movie would be

The War on Drugs and the War on Terrorism Research Paper

The War on Drugs and the War on Terrorism - Research Paper Example Some scholars perceive these two issues as results of poor leadership styles and poor leadership characters, suggesting eradication may be possible with quality and ideal leadership. This paper seeks to examine the war on terrorism and the war on drugs, as well as analyze the importance of leadership in avoiding these issues. Introduction Terrorism and drugs are among the social issues that negatively affects a nation and the universal society as a whole. The two issues destroy the pillars of the society, potentially destroying inter community and intra community relations. For several decades, the fight against these two issues has been of concern to media. This war on drugs and terrorism began actively in the twentieth century when the two issues began significantly affecting the societal setup in various communities (Richman, 2002). Some scholars perceive these two issues as results of poor leadership styles and poor leadership characters, suggesting eradication may be possible with quality and ideal leadership. Essentially, societal problems such as use of drugs within a community or involvement in terror attacks often occur because of poor leadership or the exclusion of these groups from leadership decisions. In societies experiencing terrorism and drug issues, the leaders of that society have the responsibilitie s to ensure that these issues diminish from these issues. The challenges facing these leaders including designing strategies, and implementing them, as well as enforcing them to advocate for drug and terrorism eradication from the society. Regardless of the capabilities of leaders, they need a team to lead a society against such wars. The problem is designing a team and administration that is competent enough (Schopp and Hill, 2009). Additionally, an effective communication system flowing mutually within the administration is a great challenge. Great leaders have strong personalities, policies, will, and vision that promote the general good of the society. The war on both drugs and terrorism is far from over, at least with the current leaders occupying the relevant offices that combat these issues. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of leadership in the global society, especially on the war against terrorism and drugs. Drug Abuse History and Legislations Terrorism and drugs have been a persistent issue in countries all over the world, especially in Western nations such as the United States of America. The war on drugs, a term coined in 1971 by US President Richard Nixon, in the US is a controversial policy seeking to define and reduce illegal drug trade. At the frontline of the war are policies that discourage consumption, production, and distribution of illegal psychoactive drugs in the US and the rest of the world. In the early years of the twentieth century, most of the drug market was significantly unregulated. Medication remedies containing derivatives of heroin and cocaine were distributed freely without awareness or prescription, thus majority of consumers were unaware of the potent of the drugs (Lal, 2008). In 1886, the Supreme Court ruled against regulation of commerce by state governments, unfortunately leaving the skimpy federal government to enforce existing drug